31 October 1917. Nicholas II

Non-fiction

Project 1917 is a series of events that took place a hundred years ago as described by those involved. It is composed only of diaries, letters, memoirs, newspapers and other documents

Nicholas II

Tobolsk, Russian Republic

Finally the sun came out, the day was fine and the snow melted. During the evening I read aloud The Marriage by Gogol.

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Alexander Kerensky

Petrograd, Russian Republic

The Russian people are suffering from economic fatigue and from disillusionment with the Allies. The whole world believes that the Russian Revolution is at an end. Do not be mistaken. The Russian Revolution is only just beginning.

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Trud i volya

Russian Republic

Those who arrived from Riga tell of an interesting directive of the German forces in Riga.

After the capture of Ezel, the Superintendent of Riga suggested to all priests in Russian churches, during mass, to refer in their prayers to Nicholas II and his family as the rulers of Russia, as in the times before the revolution. See more

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John Reed

1, Smolny proezd, Smolny, Petrograd, Russian Republic

Stormy was the all-night meeting of the Petrograd Soviet the 30th of October, at which I was present. The “moderate” Socialist intellectuals, officers, members of Army Committees, the Tsay-ee-kah, were there in force. Against them rose up workmen, peasants and common soldiers, passionate and simple. See more

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Maxim Gorky

64 Nevsky prospekt, Petrograd, Russian Republic

It seems apposite to ask: could there really be adventurers who, observing a waning of the revolutionary energies of the thinking part of the proletariat, hope to kindle these energies by means of a profuse blood-letting? See more

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Lev Kamenev with Grigory Zinoviev

Petrograd, Russian Republic

In view of the intensified discussion about the question of an armed action, Comrade Zinoviev and I have written to our main party organizations in Petrograd, Moscow and Finland, emphatically opposing the idea that our party should engage in any kind of armed action in the immediate future. See more

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George Buchanan

4, Dvortsovaya embankment, Petrograd, Russian Empire (British Embassy)

Tereschenko delivered a speech in the Provisional Council in which he not only made a firm stand against the Soviet's claim to any separate repre- sentation at the conference, but also denounced in no measured language the instructions which they had given to Scobeleff. See more

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30 October

Brazil declared war against Germany

"The Petrograd garrison no longer recognises the Provisional Government."

Nicholas Romanov: "Twenty-nine years have passed from the day of our salvation from the train wreck"

From one revolution to another

Russia in 1917

in Petrograd

in Moscow